While the portions have become large, the person will still eat the complete meal regardless of feeling full or not. This means that people are eating bigger portions of junk food leading to abnormal weight gain. One of the main reasons people cannot stop eating fast food is the low costs it is available in. As per a research conducted by the University of Washington, a diet containing calories of fast food costs much less than a diet with calories of healthy food.
This makes it more affordable than going for healthy food and is a leading cause of obesity in lower-income classes. Fast food restaurants offer convenience. You can always find one in close proximity of your home and can also get food easily delivered to your house. The simple fact that fast food restaurants and obesity have both increased over time is insufficient proof of this link, as are studies that rely on differences in fast food consumption across individuals, since people who eat more fast food may be prone to other behaviors that affect obesity.
Specifically, the authors examine whether proximity to a fast food restaurant affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 1 million pregnant women.
The authors have several strategies to overcome the concern that children whose school is close to a fast food restaurant may be more prone to obesity for other reasons. First, the authors compute whether the fast food restaurant is within 0. Given that there is a fast food restaurant in the general area, whether the restaurant happens to be very close to the school is arguably random and thus a good way to identify the effect of fast food access on obesity.
Second, the authors control for a rich set of school and neighborhood characteristics in their analysis and allow these to vary over time. Finally, the authors estimate models relating changes in obesity to changes in access to fast food restaurants, relying on schools that gain or lose a nearby fast food restaurant during the sample period to identify the effect of fast food access on obesity.
The authors estimate their models using data on all California 9th graders for the years and In their analysis of pregnant women, the empirical approach is similar - the authors include women for whom they observe at least two births in their sample, so that they can examine whether changes in fast food access between one pregnancy and the next are associated with changes in the probability of excessive weight gain.
The authors use Vital Statistics data from to for Michigan, New Jersey, and Texas, the states for which they were able to obtain confidential data with mothers' names and addresses. Turning to the results, the authors find that proximity to a fast food restaurant significantly increases the risk of obesity.
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