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Mill, J. Moser, P. Nolt, J. Peirce, C. Pagination refers to the reprinting in Peirce, C. Like this: Like Loading Can we ban Religious Conversions? Levels and limits of knowledge — Al filo de la filosofia Leave a Reply Cancel reply Enter your comment here Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in:.
Email required Address never made public. Name required. Follow Following. Thought Fragments Join 41 other followers. Sign me up. Already have a WordPress. Log in now. Knowledge is the rejection of fantasy; opinion is its embrace. Thus opinion can never count as knowledge, because fantasy-based belief can never be knowledge. There is a class of human beliefs if that is the right word that are disqualified from counting as knowledge by their genesis, no matter whether they may be true or justified.
But why is that? Why is fantasy so disqualifying? Because it roots belief in the self: it makes belief dependent on personality, emotion, idiosyncrasy, and waywardness. Fantasy reflects the urgings of the psyche—its preoccupations, insecurities, and aggressions. But knowledge must be rooted in the world beyond the self not in the self—in the reality principle not the fantasy principle. Fantasy drags the mind away from the world and into its own dark labyrinth, but knowledge must face the bright objective common world.
Opinion therefore tracks what lies within not what prevails without. Opinion is the expression of the self not its negation or transcendence. Then what is it based on?
It is what the mind comes up with when facts and knowledge are lacking—conviction without evidence, without the control of the reality principle. Freud might call it the pleasure principle, and that is not wide of the mark, but fantasy is not always about pleasure.
Fantasy is about disconnection from the world, possible and impossible worlds, madness, deception, self-deception, fiction, the absurd, the undisciplined, the puerile, and the paranoid. Fantasy is the antithesis of knowledge, not a precursor to it. Knowledge cannot have fantasy as a component.
Opinion controlled by fantasy is not a suitable basis for knowledge. It needs to be thrown out not supplemented. People whose minds are stocked with such opinions are not on the road to knowledge; they have disqualified themselves from the start.
They are going about the cognitive life in the wrong way. Two distinctive Platonic doctrines fall into place under the present theory. We can now see that if opinion is based on fantasy it is based on what the arts are all about—the fabricated, the imagined, the unreal. If the mind confuses fantasy with reality, then mere opinion is the upshot, and true knowledge is precluded. Persuasion is more selfish than argument debate. Argument attempts to arrive at a logical solution to an issue.
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