The improved safety of the approach reduces costs for the manufacturer, as does the higher rate of production. Where burning hydrocarbons is unavoidable, creating them from atmospheric carbon is a promising option. By running their famous experiment in glass flasks, Stanley Miller and Harold Urey might have unintentionally simulated the role of rocks on early Earth.
One chemistry professor received three months for producing the drug in a university lab, while another was acquitted. Site powered by Webvision Cloud. Skip to main content Skip to navigation.
Continuous production with microreactors is not only safer but also ten times quicker. Related articles. Opinion Reverse combustion is preparing for takeoff TZ Where burning hydrocarbons is unavoidable, creating them from atmospheric carbon is a promising option.
Nitroglycerine is an explosive liquid which was first made by Ascanio Sobrero in by treating glycerol with a mixture of nitric and sulphuric acid.
The reaction which follows is highly exothermic, i. Liquid nitroglycerine is colorless if pure. When he died, he left most of that fortune to establish the prizes that bear his name. So in honor of Nobel Prize week, here are three things you might not know about this infamous explosive. But in fact, while TNT and dynamite are both explosives, they are different things. Dynamite is indeed an explosive with several components assembled together.
But TNT or 2,4,6,-trinitrotoluene, to use its chemical name is not one of those components. Instead, the active explosive in dynamite is a chemical called nitroglycerin. The trouble was, nitroglycerin was highly unstable. It caused grisly explosions, including one in San Francisco that leveled a building and killed 15 people. Nobel's big invention -- dynamite -- was a way of stabilizing nitroglycerin to make it more practical for blasting rocks or for tunneling into mines.
His aha moment came during a stay in Germany:. He realized that nitroglycerine had to be absorbed by some kind of porous material, forming a mixture that would be easier to handle. On the German moorlands very close to where he was staying, he found a type of porous, absorbent sand or diatomaceous earth known in German as Kieselguhr. When nitroglycerine was absorbed by Kieselguhr, it formed a paste that was easy to knead and shape. This paste could be shaped into rods that were easily inserted into drilling holes.
It could also be transported and subjected to jolts without triggering explosions. It could even be ignited without anything happening. He called it dynamite after the Greek word for power, dynamis.
When it was lit and exploded, the liquid nitroglycerin would also explode. A few years later, in , he invented the blasting cap, which replaced the wooden detonator. This early period of experimentation cost Nobel his factory, which blew up, and the deaths of a number of workmen as well as his brother, Emil. The story of how much credit this budding industrialist gave to the inventor of nitroglycerin is a bit muddied by later conflict between the two men, but the Nobel Prize website and Nobel's biographer Fant both state that Nobel never tried to claim credit for that discovery.
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